SWARAS - BASICS - INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC

                                                SWARAS

              
I am going to introduce the basics of Swaras for new learners of music. There are seven swaras in Indian classical music namely sa, re, ga, ma, pa, da, ne, Theire names are

Sa - Shadyamam

Re - Rishabam

Ga - Gandharam

Ma - Madhyamam

Pa - Panchamam

Da - Daivatham

Ne - Nishadham

While Sa (Shadyamam) and Pa (Panchamam) are constant, the other five swaras re, ga, ma, da, and ne have two different notes namely,
   Sa - Constant
re1 -Shudha reshabham
re2 - Chathusruthi reshabham
ga1 - Sadharana gandharam
ga2 - Anthara gandharam
ma1 -Shudha madhyamam
ma2 - prathi madhyamam
   pa - constant
da1 - shdha daivatham
da2 - Chathusrithi Daivatham
ne1 - kakali nishadham
ne2 - kaishika nishadham
   Sa* - Thara Shadyamam (Corresponding same note in high pitch)

Study the picture shown above as per the explanation of this notes.

So the learner has to understand that there are seven swaras but in detail they are twelve in total.
In a raaga mostly between these two swaras (re1 re2 ga1 ga2 etc.) one of them is used to make different ragas. for example.

This picture shows the analysys of swaras and their names in Hindusthani Classical Music.

1) If the swaras sa re1 ga1 ma1 pa da1 ne1 sa* used it is called the raaga "thodi", where as

2) If the swaras  sa re2 ga2 ma2 pa da2 ne2 sa* used it is called the raaga "kalyani"