PRESENT SIMPLE - DO/DOES, I SING/HE PLAYS etc 

                                                                 I play cricket every day.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

• It is called simple present or present simple because the basic form consists of a single verb like write/writes, sing/sings, take/takes is used in this tense. 

• Base verb like sing, run buy etc. is used with the pronouns I, we, you and they.                     Eg: I sing, we sing, you sing, they sing

• Base verb with "s/es"  (sings, runs, brings, watches, goes etc.) is  used with the third person singulars he,she and it . Eg: he sins, she sings, it sings. To know more about personal pronouns you can see my post onhttp://indenglishmadeeasy.blogspot.in/2016/07/personal-pronouns-english-grammar.html. 

• The verbs end in  o ss sh ch x and z take "es" with the third person singulars "he/she/it. Eg. go - goes, bless - blesses, crush - crushes, catch - catches, fix- fixes, buzz - buzzes etc.

• If the verb ends with a consonant + y (study, worry etc.), the he, she it form of the verb will be studies, worries etc. It means we drop "y" and take in "ies". 

• In case of the verb ending with a vowel + "y" (say, play etc), "s" is added to the verb Eg: says, plays etc.

The principal use of this present simple tense is used to speak about our habitual actions, universal truths,  running commentaries on live matches and to the headlines in news papers.

Now we take a look at the structure of the tense.

• I play cricket.
• We speak English
• You read Hindi news.
• They sing devotional songs.

• He writes answers in quora.
• She reads telugu literature.
• It eats small creatures.

Here are the eight forms to the each sentence mentioned above with the seven pronouns.

• I play cricket.
• I do not play cricket.
• Do I play cricket?
• Do I not play cricket?
• I play cricket, don't I?
• I do not play cricket, do I?
•  Cricket is played by me.
• Cricket is not played by me.

• We speak English.
• .............................................
• Do we speak English?
• .............................................
• We speak English, don't we?
• .............................................
• English is spoken by us.
• .............................................

• .............................................
• You do not read Hindi news.
• .............................................
• Do you not read Hindi news?
• .............................................
• You do not read Hindi news, do you?
• .............................................
• Hindi news is not read by toy.

• They sing devotional songs.
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................

• He writes answers in quora.
• He does not write answers in quora.
• Does he write answers in quora?
• Does he not write answers in quora?
• He writes answers in quora, does he?
• He does not write answers in quora, does he?
• Answers are written by him in quora.
• Answers are not written by him in quora.

• She reads Telugu literature.
• .............................................
• Does she read......................?
• .............................................?
• .............................................
• .............................................
• Telugu literature read by her.
• .............................................

• It eats an ant.
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................
• .............................................

Note: 1) The difference between positive statement and negative statement is usage of  "DO NOT" with I, we, you, they and "DOES NOT" with he, she, and it

                   Use DO with plain verbs - go sing run take etc.

                   Use DOES with plain verb + s/es -  goes sings runs takes etc.

                2) The difference between statements and questions is the placement of 

                    the 'subject' and helping verb.

                            I paint a picture. 

                            Do I paint a picture?.

                            He paints a picture.

                            Does he paint a picture. 
                3) a) The formation of question tag begins from the verb used in the sentence.Use DO with plain                                 verbs and DOES with plain verb + s/es 

                             I paint a picture, don't I?

                             He paints a picture, doesn't he?

            
                    b) The tag ends with the subject of the sentence.  I  paint a picture, don't I?

                     c) Negative tag to the positive statement. Positive tag to the negative statement.

                         He practices the guitar, (positive)  doesn't he? ( tag negative) does + not =doesn't.
                         He does not practice the guitar. (negative) does he? (tag positive)